Quantum Electronics and Quantum Optics

Aim

After completing the course the student is expected to:

• Comprehend and describe the fundamentals of quantum information theory.
• Comprehend and describe the fundamentals of quantum optics.
• Comprehend and describe the physical hardware employed to carry out quantum information protocols.
• Implement and measure simple experiments exploiting physical phenomena used for quantum information processing.

Content

• Quantum information theory: quantum states, quantum superposition, measurements, quantum entanglement, Dirac notation, quantum advantage, quantum imaging, quantum communication, quantum computing, qubits and qudits, encoding and detection.• Quantum optics: photon statistics, coherent and thermal states, super and sub-poissonian light, thermal light, coherent states, photon bunching and anti-bunching, two-photon interference, quantum imaging.• Hardware for quantum information processing: single-photon sources: attenuated optical pulses, spontaneous parametric down-conversion, quantum dots, micro-ring resonators. Silicon and silica-based integrated photonic circuits, waveguides, directional couplers, filters, phase shifters and other integrated components, single-photon detectors, coincidence detection. Realization of quantum computers: ion trap, quantum electrodynamics (QED) for cavities, nuclear magnetic resonance, superconducting qubits, quantum dots and impurities in semiconductor materials, adiabatic and topological quantum computers.